A Huawei spokeperson declined to comment on the claims in a statement to The Times, saying they were “unsubstantiated allegations backed up by zero evidence from anonymous sources.”

There have been reasons to be cautious. A UK oversight board pointed out potential security risks in Huawei’s equipment, such as an old operating system that will lose security updates next year. There hasn’t been direct evidence of Huawei actively installing back doors and other spying facilities in its equipment, however. Most of the specific accusations leveled against Huawei have focused on purported sanctions violations and trade secret theft. The CIA’s assertions if substantiated don’t necessarily show that Huawei is spying, but they would suggest that Huawei was receiving some direction from Chinese intelligence outlets.

This might not necessarily sway US allies. The UK and Germany have still been open to using Huawei networking gear for their 5G networks, even if they might implement systems to mitigate security risks. American intelligence may need to show direct evidence of Chinese surveillance if it wants to persuade its closest allies to reject Huawei outright.